Assessment of Serological Tests Used for Diagnosis of Brucellosis in Camels and Goats Intended for Exportation in Sudan

Abstract

Prevalence of brucellosis in camels and goats in the Sudan is high and the disease affects their productivity and is a main constraint to their export to the Arabian Peninsula. This study was conducted from September 2017 to September 2020. to compare between the serological tests, Rose Bengal Plate test (RBPT), Buffered Acidified Plate Antigen (BAPA), Standard Tube agglutination Test (SAT) and Enzyme- Linked Immune Sorbent assay (ELISA) to diagnosis brucellosis from 3000 samples, 1500 samples from exported camels and 1500 from goats in Suakin quarantine mager in Port Sudan locality, Red Sea State, Sudan to control the disease among this animals. One hundred eighty five out of 1500 sera samples from camel were positive (12.3%) by RBPT and (180/1500) sera sample from goats were positive (12%).This positive samples from each species were retested by BAPA test, the results was found 77.3% (143/185) positive in camel and 75% (135/180) in goats. When the SAT was used in camel the result was 39.4% (73/185) and 20% (36/180) in goats. c-Elisa test in camel reveled result of 55.1% (102/185) in camel and 25.6% (46/180) in goat were positive. Statistical analysis using kappa program showed relation between RBPT and BAPA tests, the result showed that all positive samples of camel by RBPT showed prevalence of 77.3%, 39.5%, 55.1% by BAPA, SAT and c-ELISA respectively, and 75%, 20% and 25.6% positive in goats respectively. These results indicated that Rose Bengal Plate Test was the best test for diagnosis of brucellosis in exported animals followed by BAPA, c-Elisa and SAT in camel. As for goats the Rose Bengal Plate Test gave higher positive results followed by BAPA, I-ELISA and SAT this study has shown that the disease was prevalent in exported camels and goat.