The Association of Blood Group ABO and Rhesus Factor with Glaucoma in Makka Hospital for Ophthalmology

Abstract

This is a non – interventional case control study performed to assess the possible association between blood groups ABO and Rhesus factor with glaucoma in Makka Hospital for ophthalmology from March 2018 to May 2019. The study was performed on 100 glaucomatous patients who attended Makka Hospital during this period and 100 non - glaucomatous volunteer blood donors as control group. A Questionnaire was constructed to obtain some of the participant‟s characteristics. ABO and Rhesus blood group were determined by the slide method. The obtained data were analyzed by Chi square test using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version (16). Males represent 63% of the glaucomatous patients and while females are 37%. The age range of the glaucomatous patients was (32 – 82) years, the highest percentage (64%) was found in patients aged (50 – 70) years old and the least percentage was in patients aged less than 40 years. The highest percentage of glaucoma occurrence (70%) was found in western Sudan and the least percentage (6%) was in central Sudan. The order of ABO distribution was similar in both patients and control groups that is (O > A > B > AB). Blood group ABO occurrence in patients and control group were: (O 49% vs 44%), (A 29% vs 27%). (B 20% vs 23%), (AB 2% vs 6%) respectively. No association was found between ABO blood group and glaucoma (P > 0.05). Blood group Rh +ve in patients and control group are 94% vs 92%. Blood group Rh -ve in patients and control group were 6% vs 8% respectively. No association was observed between Rhesus blood group and glaucoma (P > 0.05). It is recommended that cross sectional studies from all the country should be done considering the form of the glaucoma and ethnicity.