Serodetection of Parvovirus B19 among Blood Donors Attending Haj Al Safi Teaching Hospital – Bahri (Khartoum State)

Abstract

Human Parvovirus B19 (HPV) B19 is a small, non-enveloped, single-stranded DNA virus. The virus causes a variety of human diseases, including erythema infectiosum (fifth disease), acute or chronic erythritis, hydrops fetalis and spontaneous abortion in early pregnancy, a plastic crises and persistant pure red blood cells a plasia.This study was conducted to detect by serology parvovirus B19 among blood donors who attended Haj Al-Safi Teaching Hospital Blood Bank - (Bahri) during the period from Febreuary to Septemper 2016. Ninety blood donors with different ages ranged between 19 - 48 years age were enrolled in this study, data was collected using questionare. Blood specimens were collected, serum was obtained and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay was used to detect IgG and IgM antibodies of Parvovirus B19 and the obtained results were analyzed statistically by SPSS. The study results demonstrated that 39(43.3%), 14(15.6%) were positive for Parvovirus B19 IgG, IgM antibodies respectively. Most blood donors were belonged to 19-28 years. Statistical analysis showed insignificant relation between Parvovirus and age( IgM p-value0.084, IgG P-value 0.743), residence (P-valuefor IgM 0.358and 0.183 for IgG) .The serofrequency of Parvovirus B19 among blood donors in this study was high and poses adverse transfusion risk especially in high risk group of patients. Serologic screening of blood donors is essential to determine their immunity to Parvovirus B19. Parvovirus B19 is not part of routine national wide immunization, blood donors were recommended to be target group for future immunization program in Sudan.