Chemical Composition of Kidney and Gall stones of some Sudanese

Abstract

Environmental, dietary habits, genetic, metabolic conditions, and life style factors play an important role in the formation of kidney and gall stones, which represent a prevalent and costly health problem. This study aimed to define patterns of stones and identify their chemical compositions in the collected samples using inductively coupled plasma optical emission (ICP), infrared spectroscopy (IR) and ultra violet spectrometer (UV) techniques. A total of 20 kidney and gall stone samples were collected randomly and surgically recovered from (11males and 9 females mean age 7-90 years) of Sudanese subjects. Analysis by inductively coupled plasma optical emission (ICP), was used to identify the elements composition of all collected kidney and gallstone samples. The results revealed that Ca, Na, K and Mg, found at high concentrations in contrasting with other elements among the collected samples. Also kidney and gallstone samples were analyzed by ultra violet (UV) technique and the obtained spectra showed that, all the samples absorbed energy at wavelength range205-230nm. This absorption attributed to presence of the carbonyl group which absorbs radiation at 220nm. In addition, the collected samples were characterized by infrared (IR) technique. The obtained IR spectra indicated that kidney stone samples (1, 3, 4, and 5) were composed from calcium oxalate and sample 2 was composed from Uric acid. Moreover, the IR results revealed that, all gall stone samples are composed of mixed stones. The study finding showed that kidney stones formation is common in male subjects, while gall stones formation is common in female subjects.