Frequency of ABO, A-subgroup and Rhesus blood group antigens and phenotypes among Al-Hassania Sudanese ethnic group in Kosty city

Abstract

This is a descriptive, prospective and analytical study that aimed to determine the frequencies of ABO, A-subgroup and Rhesus blood group antigens and phenotypes among Al-Hassania Sudanese ethnic group in Kosty city in White Nile state. This study was conducted during the period of three months (January- March 2010), following informed consent, A total of 100 venous blood samples were collected in 2.5 ml EDTA blood container from unrelated individuals. The samples were tested for ABO blood group antigens and A-subgroup by direct slide method, while for the Rhesus blood group antigens the samples were tested by tube method. Du technique was performed for each Rh (D) negative sample. The results obtained from this study showed that in ABO blood group system the A antigen was the commonest antigen with the frequency of (42%), followed by O antigen (33%), B antigen (19%) and the least common was AB antigen (6%0. In A-subgroup A1 antigen had the highest frequency (41|%), followed by A1B (5%), while both A2 and A2B were the rarest with same frequency (1%). In Rhesus blood group antigens the e and c antigens were the commonest antigens detected with the same frequency for both (100%), followed by D antigen (97%), C (79%) and E antigen which was the least frequent with a frequency of (46%). The results of this study were compared with the results of other Sudanese ethnic groups in the same systems and were found that there were similarity in some ABO blood group antigens, subgroup and Rhesus antigens with the Halaween, Arakieen, Al-Shaigia, Gaaleen and AL- Shokria Sudanese ethnic groups, and there were differences with the Meseria, Al-Noba, Al-Danagla, Al-Mahas and Al-Hwsa Sudanese ethnic groups. We conclude that the similarity between Sudanese tribes that living in one area resulting from interaction and intermarriage between them, while that there were differences between the tribes that living in different geographical area.