Effect of Bio- fertilizers on Growth and Yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L) infestedby Orobanche crenata Forsk Parasite

Abstract

Field and laboratoryexperiments were conducted during the winter season 2018-2019 at Demonstration FarmofWeed Science Center (WSC), Sudan University of Science and Technology.The objective of this study was to determine the effect of bio- fertilizers (Rhizobium, Mycorrhizae, and Effective Micro-organism (EM)on growth and yield of different two verities Sulem and Hudeba on faba bean (Vicia faba L.) infested by Orobanche. The laboratory experiment was determined thegermination %, growth and attached of Orobanche crenata in roots,Rhizotron Method was used. Evidenced study on laboratory obtained that % germination and growth of Orobanche was highly significant with 90% in control compared with less value in Mycorrhizae 25%. Treatments in field experiment were designed in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with spilt plot, replicated three times. The main plot consisted of eight treatments; (1.Rhizobium(R),2. Mycorrhizae (M), 3. Effective Micro-organism (EM) 4. Rhizobium and Mycorrhizea (R+M), 5. Rhizobium and Effective micro-organism,(R+EM) , 6. Mycorrhizea and effective micro-organism (M+ER), 7. Rhizobium, Mycorrhizea and Effective micro-organism(R+M+ER), and 8. control (C),) in doses of (5 ml / hole of Mycorrhizae and 5mg of Effective micro-organism /hole, and subplots consisted of two varieties faba bean; Hudeba and Sulem. (5mg ofOrobanche seeds were added/hole). The vegetative and reproductive growth parameters studied were plant height ,number of leaves , chlorophyll content, number of 50 % flowering,number of flowers/plant, number of Orobanche/plot, dry weight of Orobanche,fresh weight,dry weight, number of pods/plant, weight of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, weight of seeds/plant, number of seeds/planthundred seed weight and yield(kg/ha) for faba bean. The results revealed significant difference between cultivars in; chlorophyll content at 60 DAS, dry weight of plant andSulem had the highest value also number of Orobanche appeared significantly in Sulem. Application of bio-fertilizers and their interaction as a general revealed good evidence in all treatments than control in vegetative and reproductive parameters Among treatments significant difference appear clearly in, number of leaves(at 54 DAS), number of flower after the 54 and 60 DAS, chlorophyll content at 45 and 60 DAS, dry weight, 50%flowering, number of seeds/pod and number of Orobanche appeared in field. The field experiment displayed the same laboratory result in germination %and number of Orobancheattached to faba bean; control was 3.62 and Mycorrhizae was 1.1.In interaction of varieties and treatments highly significant difference was appeared at 60 DAS in plant height and number of leaves in Sulem (EM).