Characterization and Evaluation of Malam Elwedian Land area for Agricultural Development North Darfur - Sudan

Abstract

This study was conducted in the El-Fasher (Malam Elwedian) which is located in North Darfur State latitude 085 Degree north and longitudes 926'degree east for clay soil, and latitude 854 degree north and longitudes 825 degree east for sand soil. The main road which connects EI-Fasher to Kutum and other important towns runs beside the Malam Elwedian area. The area is dominated by flat topography within the undulating sandy plain. The climate of the study area is arid and the main types of vegetation in the study area. The water resources were Surface water and underground water. The major land use types are traditional farming (rain fed) and animal breeding. This study aimed to characterize the soils EL-Fasher, Malam Elwedian area and show their variability. As well, the study indicated the suitability of the land for some selected crops and recommended the proper management practices. The Grid soil survey method was followed in this study which involved field descriptions and taking of representative soil samples at intervals of (0 – 30), (30- 60), -(60 – 90)cm) apart, tow soil auger sample ware dug to 90cm depth, soil sample Collected and complete routine analysis were carried to show the chemical and physical. The area is generally composed of one map unit with consociations of minor inculcations of similar sandy soils. The results of field description and laboratory analysis revealed that the soil of the farm has high filtration due to the texture classes with fertility limitation. According to land suitability system the study rated the soils in class two with fertility limitation (S2f), and class (S3fp) with fertility and moisture deficiency (S3fm). The study recommended the soil of the EL-Fasher Malam Elwedian should have proper additions of organic matter which leads to building of healthy and high quality soils which will have great positive influence on plants. Applying a good system of irrigation methods with good quality water in appropriate time is required for these sandy soils. Results and recommendations of the trials and experiments carried on this farm should only be applied to similar sandy soils.