Prevalence and Risk Factors of Bovine Coccidiosis in Alselait Agricultural Scheme-Khartoum State

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was carried out to estimate the prevalence of Coccidiosis in cattle and to investigate the potential risk factors associated with the disease during February 2018 in Alselait Agricultural Scheme, Khartoum State, Sudan.

A total of 100 cattle were examined randomly for the presence of Eimeriaspp.oocysts using fecal floatation technique. The overall prevalence rate was 25%. The infection rate in the local breeds was 0% , whilst 25% in the cross breeds. The infection rate according to the age from a day up to 2 years old was 23.4%, 30%,50% and 6.66% ,respectively. The infection rate in males was 25.5% whereas in females was 24.5%. The infection rate in poorly managed farms was 20.9% , while 50% in well managed farms. The infection rate was 17.1%, 23.2% and 40.9% in poor, medium and good body condition animals, respectively.

Univariate analysis using the Chi-square, with confidence intervals of 95% at a p-value ≤0.25 was used to identify the potential risk factors associated with bovine coccidiosis . Significant positive risk factors associated with bovine coccidiosis in the univariate analysis, there were found to be breed (X2= 2.128 , P-value = 0.145 ) , age(X2= 5.819, P-value= 0.121), body condition (X2= 4.192, P-value= 0.123) and farm management (X2=5.426 , P-value= 0.020 ). The multivariate analysis, using logistic regression CI = 95% ,p value ≤ 0.05 showed highly significant association between bovine coccidiosis and farm management Exp (B)=8.667. It was concluded that the potential risk factor (farm management) showed highly significant association with Coocidiosis infection.