Natural Enemies and the Effect of Neem Kernel Oil on Small Faba |Bean Beetle (Bruchidius incarnatus under Conditions of Northern State, Sudan

Abstract

The lowest number of predators was found in Latty while the highest was found in EL Burgage. The parasites found were: egg and larval parasites. The predators found were a mite and an assassin bug. All concentrations of neem kernel oil reduced significantly number of eggs laid, percentages of eggs hatched, percentages of adult emergence and percentages of adult survival, while they are increased percentage of adult mortality. Number of eggs laid, percentages of eggs hatched, percentages of adult emergence and percentages of adult survival significantly decreased with increase of oil concentrations while percentage of adult mortality significantly increased.