Comparative study of Physicochemical Properties of locust (Locusta migratoria) fats with peanut (Arachis hypogaea) oil

Abstract

study was carried out to recognize the physical and chemical properties of locust crude fat and compared it with peanut pure oil . The locust were milled for proximate analysis which includes oil content, protein content, moisture content, ash, crude fiber, and carbohydrates, then the results were 27.9% , 50.5% , 6.4%, 4.7%, 10.2 % and 0.017 %, respectively. The fat was extracted by cold extraction method , then the physical properties: density, refractive index, viscosity and colour, the results were 0.984, 1.4725 , 64.41 and the colour yellow was10 and the red was 10 and the blue was 0.3 , respectively. Also the chemical properties: peroxide value, free fatty acids, saponification value, iodine value, and moisture content of the oil were tested, the results were 0.9.m.Eqo2/kg, 4.5% , 201, 76.3 and 0.823% , respectively. The fatty acids composition were determined as oleic acid, linoleic acid. palmitic acid, stearic acid, linolenic acid and others, the results were 37.88, 10.79, 23.63, 11.47 and 0 .14 , respectively. The statistical analysis showed that there was significant difference (P ≤0.05) in physical properties of locust crude fat density 0.98400, refractive index 1.4725 the color (red =10,yellow= 10) with peanut oil 0.97567 , 1.46553 and color (red =2.55,yellow= 35), respectively. Also there was significant difference (P ≤0 .05) in chemical properties of locust crude fat free fatty acid 5.57, the saponification value 204 compared with peanut oil, 1.16 , 139.3, respectively. While there was no significant difference (P ≤0 .05) in chemical properties of locust crude fat peroxide value and iodine value 0.9 , 72.70 compared with peanut oil 0.87 and 83.94 ,respectively. Also there was significant difference (P ≤0 .05) in fatty acids composition of locust crude fat in palmitic acid 29.52 , stearic acid7.330, oleic acid 38.00, linoleic acid5.240 and linolenic acid 0.14 compared with peanut oil 8.7, 3.7 ,55.07 ,25,13, 0.20, respectively. It was found that linolenic acid in this study lower than the previous studies.