A survey of Bluetongue Virus Antibodies and Associate Risk Factors among Camels in Khartoum State, Sudan

Abstract

The current study was serological survey it was conducted in Khartoum State, Sudan to determine the prevalence of BTV antibodies and to identify the potential risk factors associated with the disease among camels.To achieve that total of 184 blood samples were collected randomly from six localities in the Khartoum, State, the serum samples screened for the presence of BTV specific immunoglobulin (IgG) antibodies using a competitive enzyme linked-immunosorbent assay (cELISA)and all camels included in this study were subjected to a questionnaire to determine the potential risk factors associate with the disease. The result of test showed the serological evidence in 123 camels out of total 184 camels tested, with overall prevalence (66.8%). It use was found the source of animals and present of other animals in herd of camels is important risk factor associated with the disease, the prevalence of infection is higher in camels population mixed with other animals (68.6%) than camels population rearing alone (57.1%). also the prevalence of infections is higher in camels purchased from market (73.6%) than camels raised in farm (66.7%), when analysis this risk factors showed the significant association between the source of animals and BTV infection (p-value = 0.040) and significant association to present of animals and BTV infection (p-value = 0.01 ). Finally the present study confirmed that BTV does exist in camels with the high prevalence in Khartoum state, to diminish that we should improve the control measured to infection, and provide the more study about BTV in camels and identify the potential risk factors associated with the disease and role of camels to the spread of infection.