Worldwide Nomadism with Especial Reference to Pastoral Nomadism in Sudan: A Review

Abstract

Human culture was classified to foraging, Pastoralism, Horticulture and Intensive agriculture. Nomadism as a pattern of living is practiced by the foragers and the pastoralist. This review intended to investigate on the nomadic pattern of living with especial focus on the pastoral nomadism in Sudan. Many articles and websites were consulted and the results indicate that forage nomadism had been practiced in both the old and new world and continued up to the current century in some parts of Asia. Pastoral nomadism on the other hand constitutes more advance pattern where people tend to domesticate animals, organize themselves in tribes and migrate with their animals in search for water and pasture. Worldwide pastoral nomadism is almost absent in the new world, while in old world many pastoral nomads exist such as Mongols, Bedouins and Fulani. In Sudan pastoral nomads are found all over the country they are classified according to the main type of animals they raised to Abballa and Baggara, many tribes are involvein such way of living. Although they are subjected to many challenges, still they practice this pattern and have a conducive role in the sustainable management of dry lands also Sudan economy is highly dependent on them.