In Vitro Validity of Some Tumor Markers in the Identification and Differential Diagnosis of Prostate Tumors

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the validity of prostate specific antigen (PSA), carcino embryonic antigen (CEA), human epidermal growth factor 2 (Her2), B cell 2 (BcL2), protein 53 (P53) and high molecular wight cytokeratin (HMW) tumor markers in the identification and differential diagnosis of prostate tumors. Biopsy samples were randomly taken from patients with prostate tumors. Tissue sections were prepared and stained for histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Out of the 100 patients with prostatic lesions, 25% had benign prostatic hyperplasia, 42% and 33% have a well differentiated and poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma, respectively. The results revealed a significant correlation between prostate cancer and tissue expression of CEA, P53 and HMW cytokeratin tumor markers. No significant relation was found between prostate cancer and tissues expression of Her2, PSA and Bcl2 tumor markers. A significant relation between tobacco usage and prostate cancer was observed. Factors such as family history, number of wives and alcohol consumption had insignificant relation with prostate cancer. The study concluded that PSA, BcL2, and Her2 tumor markers are invalid in the differential diagnosis of prostate tumors, whereas. P53, CEA and HMW cytokeratin tumor markers can be useful in the differential diagnosis of prostate tumors.