Prevalence and Risk Factors of Mastitis in Cattlein Eastern Nile Locality in KhartoumState – Sudan

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted on 399 lactating cows at East Nile Locality, during the period October-December 2015. The objectives of the study were to estimate the overall prevalence of clinical and subclinical mastitis and to investigate the association of potential risk factors associated with the disease. A total of 399lactating dairy cows comprising 58 local and 341 cross breed cows were randomly selected and screening using California Mastitis Test (CMT) for subclinical mastitis and clinically examined for clinical mastitis. The overall prevalence rate was found to be 51.9% (9.3% clinical and 42.6% subclinical). The highest prevalence of clinical mastitis was reported in Abu deleeg Administration Units (67%) and Wadi suba Administration Units showed the lowest prevalence of clinical mastitis (36%). The following risk factors: age (p-value = 0.002), breed (p-value = 0.044), body condition (p-value = 0.000), stage of lactation (p-value = 0.000), parity (p-value = 0.003), previous exposure to mastitis (p-value = 0.000), presence of tick (p-value = 0.001), teats injuries (p-value = 0.006), clean teats and udder (p-value = 0.017), wash hands (p-value = 0.001), sanitary practices (p-value = 0.003), floor disinfectant (p-value = 0.006), drainage system (p-value = 0.000), bedding removal (p-value = 0.000), herd size (p-value = 0.065), barn size (p-value = 0.544), types of fencing (p-value = 0.776), water source (p-value = 0.733),yielding milk (p-value = 0.000), milking technique (p-value = 0.554), education level of farmer (p-value = 0.001) and locality (p-value = 0.000) showed statistical significant association (p-value < 0.25) with the occurrence of mastitis in the Univariate analysis.The result of this study also showed that age (p-value = .000), body condition (p-value = .000), teat injuries (p-value = 0.029), yielding milk (p-