CONTROL PHASED ARRAY ANTENNA FOR RAIN FADING MITIGATION OF 21-GHZ BAND BROADCASTING SATELLITE

Abstract

Ka-band offers relatively larger bandwidths but requires higher satellite EIRPs to compensate for higher link fading. At C-band the effects are minor and at Ku-band, while they are noticeable, can be accommodated. But at higher frequencies, such as Ka-band or V-band, the degradation can be so great that it simply cannot be compensated at the level of availability usually expected for lower frequencies. In this thesis we discuss the effect of rain is that it attenuates the signal and how to calculate rain attenuation , in our research we took seventeen Sudanese cites as sample that we transform rainfall rate to rain attenuation in the 21-GHz band that it's suffers from during four years. The techniques we used for mitigation rain fading is an adaptive satellite power control method in which the radiation power is increased locally in the area having heavy rainfall (“boosted” beam) while keeping the “nationwide” beam by using phased array antenna.