Characterization of Knee Joint Changes in Sudanese using Plain X-ray

Abstract

This study was performed to characterize knee joint changes in Sudanese through measurement using plain x-ray in order to determine potential candidate for bone size and to estimate the artificial knee joint size before surgery. The study was conducted in two centres in Khartoum state they include: Modern Medical Centre and Antalya Medical Centre in the period from June 2012 to April 2015. The sample of this study consisted of 320 symptomatic knee joints patient. 257 of them were examined plain x-ray for knee 106 showed no changes in the x-ray film, their ages between (18- 64) years and 151 patients showed changes of knee joint in the plain X-ray, their ages between (20-78) years. To estimate the artificial knee size before surgery 63 patients have an artificial knee joint in Sharg Elneel Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan, were collected, their ages between (59-74) years. The result of this study showed that: The height and circumference of the knee for males and females were significantly correlated. The height of the knees was increased by 0.39 cm and 0.29 cm per each cm of patient height for male and female. Similarly the circumference of the knee for male and female were associated with the height and weight of patient. The appearance of bony changes can be estimated using bone measurement. The mediolateral femur measurements for male is equal to 71.8 ± 2.5 and 67.8 ± 3.6 for female and the mediolateral tibia measurements is equal to 74.6 ± 3.2 for male and 69.3 ± 3.7 for female. These differences were significant at p=0.05 using the t-test with t=2.62 for male and t=3.07 for female and p=0.04 and 0.02 respectively. The size of artificial femur and tibia for male and female can be estimate using the following equation: for male; femur AFS= (0.73 x MLFS) - 42.5 and tibia ATS = (0.58 x MLTS) - 33.8. Similarly for female, femur AFS = (0.59 x MLFS) - 33.4 and tibia ATS = (0.48 x MLTS) - 27.1