College of Engineeringhttps://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/11502024-03-28T07:05:13Z2024-03-28T07:05:13ZModeling of PID Controller for an Auto-Pilot Aircraft Pitch ControlMokhtar, Omar Mohamed Osman AlradiSupervisor, -Ebtihal H. G. Yousifhttps://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/283792023-04-13T07:14:41Z2022-08-10T00:00:00ZModeling of PID Controller for an Auto-Pilot Aircraft Pitch Control
Mokhtar, Omar Mohamed Osman Alradi; Supervisor, -Ebtihal H. G. Yousif
An aircraft contains three rotational motions like pitch, yaw and roll. The pitch motion is controlled by the elevators that are present on the part of the tail, at the rear of an aircraft. An autopilot is a software or tool that can only manage the aircraft under certain conditions using the vehicle’s hydraulic, mechanical and electronic systems. This system, which can follow the flight plan, can stabilize speed and height as well as the location of the front of the aircraft (heading). Pilots mostly lead the aircraft in a controlled manner by autopilot except for departure and landing. Autopilot is mostly used on passenger aircrafts. In this research, elevators are considered as plant and its transfer function is used in modeling of the controller. The proportional integral derivative (PID) controller was used in the modeling of the control system to find the best performance for the aircraft (pitch motion). The comparison was made before and after adding the PID controller and the performance parameters are as follows. Before adding the controller, the rise time was 0.285s, the peak time was 0.143s, the settling time was 0.914s, the overshoot was 137 and the steady state error was. 0.065. After adding the PID controller it was found that at the selected point (-3.7915-0.0466i), from the geometric locus of the roots, achieves the best performance of the aircraft (pitch motion). The rise time is 0.0021s, the peak time is 0.0045s, the settling time is 0.0124s, the overshoot is 8.6561 and the steady state error is zero. It’s noted from comparison that adding the PID controller led to better performance for the aircraft in terms of the stability which the required in flight until we reach safe and comfortable flight and fewer accidents
Thesis
2022-08-10T00:00:00ZMitigation of cement Alkali Silica Reactivity in Hydropower Concrete StructuresIbrahim, Abdel Hannan OmerSupervisor, -Mashair Abdelrahim Mohammedhttps://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/283382023-03-30T07:06:29Z2023-01-12T00:00:00ZMitigation of cement Alkali Silica Reactivity in Hydropower Concrete Structures
Ibrahim, Abdel Hannan Omer; Supervisor, -Mashair Abdelrahim Mohammed
The research focuses on the mitigation of cement alkalis and siliceous of aggregates reactivity (ASR) influence in hydropower concrete structures and takes Merowe Dam Project (MDP) and Dam Complex of Upper Atbara Project (DCUAP) as case study.
The research aims to find out methodology, for mitigating alkali silica reaction that may occur in hydropower concrete structures and to compare, the laboratory testing results obtained, with the international standard requirements for compliance.
The results of the cement material; OPC and GGBS used in both projects, Merowe Dam Project (MDP) and Dam Complex of Upper Atbara (DCUAP), were of low level alkali content, less than 0.6% of Na2O equivalent. The results of crushed and natural aggregates; combined with moderate and high levels of alkali content cement for expansion test, were of low level reactive aggregates. Based on the laboratory testing results obtained from petrographic examination, chemical tests, mortar bar tests and accelerated mortar bar tests concerning alkali silica reaction for fine and coarse aggregates used in concrete and mortar production for construction of MDP & DCUAP projects, all the results fulfilled and verified the standard requirements and limits stated for mitigating alkali content in the cement material and the siliceous found in the aggregates materials, therefore, the concrete and mortar produced from such materials were mitigated from deleterious expansion and damage due to alkali silica reaction. Using of supplementary cementitious material (SCM) Fly Ash to replace 25% of the Cement used in concrete mixes not only for minimizing risk of any probable Alkali-Silica Reactivity mitigation reason, but also for reducing heat of hydration, as a filler to reduce seepage, to increase workability of concrete and as a benefit by reducing the cost of concrete production. It is obvious, from the testing results obtained; to mitigate alkali silica reactivity; there are two options: combine innocuous aggregate with even high level alkali content cement will fulfill the standard requirements for mitigating ASR or combine reactive natural sand with low level alkali content, also will mitigate ASR.
The recommendations of this research for future study had been stated as to: establish visual inspection system for existing concrete structures of dams, bridges, water tanks and similar concrete structures which were exposed to wetting environment, establish service record for aggregates quarries which have been used in concrete production for dams, bridges and similar concrete constructed from the same aggregate quarries and further study of local natural pozzolan from Buyda desert central volcanic field.
Thesis
2023-01-12T00:00:00ZDiabetes prediction by using artificial neural networkIbrahim, Eman Ibrahim AbdelbagiSupervisor, - Eltahir Mohamed Husseinhttps://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/283202023-03-28T08:16:06Z2022-12-05T00:00:00ZDiabetes prediction by using artificial neural network
Ibrahim, Eman Ibrahim Abdelbagi; Supervisor, - Eltahir Mohamed Hussein
Diabetes is an illness caused because of high glucose level in a human body. Diabetes should not be ignored if it is untreated then Diabetes may cause some major issues in a person like: heart related problems, kidney problem, blood pressure, eye damage and it can also affects other organs of human body. Diabetes can be controlled if it is predicted earlier. To achieve this goal this proposed model built to early prediction of Diabetes in a human body through applying artificial neural network by used Bython software. ANN Provide better result for prediction by constructing models from datasets collected from patients. In this work MLP Classifier used on a dataset to predict diabetes. The best hyper parameter combination obtained by used CV technique is :{'batch_size': 100, 'hidden_layer_sizes': 5, 'learning_rate_init': 0.001, 'max_iter': 500} with the best accuracy: 0.7662337662337663. The accuracy is varied by hyper parameters. The Proposed model gives a higher accuracy with the best parameter combination _manually entered_ :{'batch_size': 1
00, 'hidden_layer_sizes': 5, 'learning_rate_init': 0.005, 'max_iter': 600}. The best accuracy: 0.81168831168831.
Thesis
2022-12-05T00:00:00ZInvestigating Quality of Concrete Materials in Hot WeautherMahmoud, Mohamed YousifSupervisor, Ebtihaj AboElgasim Mohamed Ahmedhttps://repository.sustech.edu/handle/123456789/283192023-03-28T08:05:11Z2022-09-01T00:00:00ZInvestigating Quality of Concrete Materials in Hot Weauther
Mahmoud, Mohamed Yousif; Supervisor, Ebtihaj AboElgasim Mohamed Ahmed
Pouring concrete in hot weather has a significant impact on the concrete pouring process, due to the ability of the high temperature to evaporate the water present in the concrete mixture, whose main task is to complete the hydration process of the cement.
In Khartoum city – Sudan, the air temperature is very high during the summer and there is fluctuation in temperature throughout the year, and in hot weather it is difficult to carry out concrete work. The main problem in hot weather is the increased demand for water due to the high temperature , the most important of which is reducing the compressive Strength of concrete.
In this study a questionnaire was made and distributed to engineers , tests were conducted on four concrete mixes designed according to the British code (BS) to know the effect of high temperature of the mix on the compressive strength . In the first mixture coarse aggregate was heated to temperature of ( 50cº ) to simulate the natural conditions in the site , the second mixture sprayed aggregate with water for cooling, the third mixture used cold water for mixing , the fourth mixture aggregate was sprayed with normal water 24cº for cooling and cold water 12.3cº was used for mixing.
The first mixture is considered a standard mixture and the rest of the mixtures are attempts to reduce the temperature of the concrete mix and the compressive strength was measured during (7&28) days.
It was found that use of cold water in concrete mixing leads to a decrease in the temperature of the fresh concrete during mixing and pouring, as in the third and fourth mixture the temperature decreased to 32.9 cº and 27.2 cº compared to the first (standard) mix of 38.5 cº.
The results show that the lowest temperature of mixture 27.2 cº ,was in fourth mixture, has the highest compressive strength at 28 days of 39.99 N/mm².
The results of the questionnaire that were distributed to the engineers at the construction site showed that 56.76% of the engineers did not care about the weather conditions during the mixing and pouring concrete and 56.76% did not care about the temperature measurement degree of the concrete mix.
Thesis
2022-09-01T00:00:00Z